Understanding Uterine Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Uterine fibroids are a common concern among women, especially during their reproductive years. These noncancerous growths develop within or on the uterus and can vary greatly in size and number. While some fibroids remain small and cause no symptoms, others can significantly impact a woman’s health and quality of life.

At Complete Healthcare in Richland, WA, board-certified OB-GYN Dr. Richard Lorenzo and Kortney Jones, ARNP, offer comprehensive evaluation and treatment for fibroids using advanced diagnostic tools and personalized care plans. Here's what every woman should know about uterine fibroids.

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas or myomas, are benign tumors composed of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. They can form in various parts of the uterus:

• Intramural: within the uterine wall

• Subserosal: on the outer surface of the uterus

• Submucosal: just beneath the uterine lining

• Pedunculated: attached by a stalk inside or outside the uterus

Most fibroids are non-cancerous and do not increase the risk of uterine cancer.

What Causes Fibroids?

The exact cause of fibroid development is not fully understood, but several factors contribute:

• Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone promote fibroid growth.

• Genetics: Family history increases the likelihood.

• Race: African American women are more commonly affected.

• Lifestyle: Obesity, red meat, and alcohol may increase risk; fruits and vegetables may lower it.

  
  

Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Many women have no symptoms. When present, symptoms may include:

• Heavy or prolonged periods

• Pelvic pressure or pain

• Pain during intercourse

• Frequent urination

• Constipation

• Lower back pain

• Infertility or pregnancy issues

Severity often depends on the size, number, and location of the fibroids.

How Are Fibroids Diagnosed?

Diagnosis starts with a thorough history and pelvic exam. Imaging may include:

• Transvaginal or pelvic ultrasound

• Sonohysterography (saline infusion ultrasound)

• MRI (in select cases for surgical planning)

  
  

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

Treatment depends on symptoms, age, fertility goals, and fibroid size or location.

1. Watchful Waiting

• No treatment is needed if fibroids are small and asymptomatic. Regular monitoring is advised.

2. Medications

• Hormonal contraceptives to control bleeding and pain

• GnRH agonists to shrink fibroids temporarily

• Tranexamic acid for heavy menstrual bleeding

• NSAIDs for pain relief

3. Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Endometrial ablation (not for women planning future pregnancies)

• Uterine artery embolization (UAE)

4. Surgery

• Myomectomy: removes fibroids, preserves fertility

• Hysterectomy: removes uterus; definitive treatment

Dr. Lorenzo offers advanced minimally invasive surgical techniques, including laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomy, for faster recovery and better outcomes.

When to See a Provider

Schedule an appointment if you experience:

• Heavy bleeding

• Pelvic discomfort

• Difficulty conceiving

• Rapidly growing abdominal mass

• Anemia from blood loss

Care for Fibroids in Richland, WA

At Complete Healthcare, we offer compassionate, evidence-based care tailored to your goals. Whether managing symptoms or preparing for pregnancy, we’ll help you find the most effective treatment path.

Call us at 509-392-6700 to schedule your consultation with Dr. Richard Lorenzo or Kortney Jones, ARNP.

Complete Healthcare – Obstetrics and Gynecology

Dr. Lorenzo is a Fellow of the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American College of Osteopathic Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOOG), reflecting his expertise in women’s health. He provides comprehensive gynecological and obstetric services, including prenatal care up to 20 weeks, infertility evaluations, and general gynecology.

Dr. Lorenzo specializes in advanced surgical techniques. He offers minimally invasive procedures for abnormal uterine bleeding, fibroids, and hysterectomy, ensuring quicker recovery and minimal discomfort for his patients. He is highly trained in high-risk obstetrics and adept at performing minimally invasive hysterectomies, providing women with practical solutions tailored to their needs.

At Complete Healthcare for Women in Richland, WA, Dr. Lorenzo prioritizes personalized, compassionate care, empowering women to make informed health decisions.